Category Archives: Psychology

A Brief History of Consciousness

We may take consciousness for granted today, but historically speaking, it’s a relatively new phenomenon. The old biblical Word links its history to modern psychology, philology and philosophy, along with evolutionary studies which  describe the conflicting functions of natural development on the one hand and highly advanced conscious defense-mechanisms against it on the other.

Before nature’s most recent experimentation in self-recognition, primates were primarily outfitted for eating, excreting and competing, mainly for the broader purposes of coitus. This may explain Congress, but what of the deeper spiritual concerns of  so-called normal human beings? Evolutionary psychology provides clues to this mystery:

In Homo Antithesus, around three million years agoan evolving capacity to associate past experiences formed a psychic complex known as consciousness, or in academia, as the ‘God Complex’. Its dwarf state enabled our ancestors to think backward along a chain of preceding events to an assumed ’cause’. The added capacity for memory carried with it a function for weighing possibilities, too, and the forward flow was primitively conceptualized as’ time’ — or ‘money’, as it’s known today.

Thoughts originally appeared as hallucinations in the dawn mind. A relatively weak ego was unable to differentiate its mental activities from its surroundings at first, and objects were easily contaminated with sense perceptions of their images. These mysteries of its own ideation were perceived as spirit or magic. No one knew where they came from. Early hominids venerated what they needed most, and plants and animals were the first objects of worship.

Even as crude prototypes, thought-obsessions and compulsive object-worship proved more effective for survival than blind beastly instinct. How else would the new species maintain the delicate balance of nature but through the ability to recognize the reality that self-awareness promised (with the possible exception of the unforeseeable consequences of its every action)? Though now classified as symptoms of mental derangement, these functional dissociations were actually the indispensable building-blocks of culture and remain so today.

As in a mirror, unconscious images were reflected back in real-time. So vivid were they through the medium of sense perception, the world appeared only as Concrete Reality. Of course, it was real in one sense yet not in another, for the new complex was unaware of the subtleties of psychic representations: image merged with need, desire and object as in a dream.

About a half a million years ago, the intra-psychic effects of sense-images began to produce cognitive identifications of a different complexity beyond Concrete Reality: on the psychological level of hallucination called ‘spirit-possession’. An unstable ego’s resistance to change bid it cling to the self-flattering aspects of the new function, and these gradually assumed fantastic proportion in correlation to its fear of development. This was unavoidable:

Nature combined intuition and an inflated sense of self to support and protect the new complex; for, without the dual functions of protection and opposition required for its purposes, the nascent individual identity so vital to its evolution would never gain the strength to confront the reality it saw in every natural thing but denied in itself.

In compensation for the future-dread inherent in the gift of foresight, ego came to sense its spirit-possession as divinely ordained. In its identity with the ‘upward’ symbols of a ‘higher’ reality above the crotch and belly of instinct, it quickly ballooned far beyond earthly limitations and flew directly into the stratosphere. Modern technology has since made this image of psychic inflation a concrete reality.

As a cultural instrument, The Word gained complexity through social exchange; though its subjective nature worked also as a tool for aggression, rationalization and delusions of magical flight from the instinct-compulsions it refuted. Its backward thought translated its fears into upside-down collective ideas which only further veiled the subversive effects of the inflated perspective.

Indistinguishable from the causal reasoning demanded by its deluded wish for knowledge and certainty, the stunted forward design of the unconscious mind re-surfaced as crude self-interest: compensation for the backward group identity that had long held to the certainty of tradition for its survival. The puffed-up complex mirrored in its religious ideals soon metastasized into unconscious self-adulation.

The nascent ego’s fear of its half-conceived tasks of development pronounced them as having already been accomplished, and it was obstinate to any change beyond the abetment of sensual pleasure. The instinct for personal reflection was negated by a collective spiritual indolence consumed primarily with reducing physical effort; mental focus remained tied to the senses. Energies specific to individual development over-accumulated in proportion to their fears of them and came to be seen as bad things to be avoided.

The repressed urge for development gradually formed into mass projections called Ideologies. Legions fought over such subjective perceptions for centuries, unaware that the psychic realities of subject and object were bound up in the contagion of collective hallucination divided by as many heads as were swept away by them. This very grudgingly allowed the random awareness of a few until their more curious hit on observation and experiment to test assumption. This partially lifted the curtain of perception — but only in the external world.

Fueled by its fascination with objectivity and the wish for certainty and control, the new science inspected everything but the self-awe which had so long hindered its spiritual adaptation to Nature. Those who funded it quickly saw the worth in exploiting it and set about the mass manufacture of commercial fascination with objects. This dissolved the old holographic sky-deities and was seen as further proof of the fantastic self-images they’d historically convinced themselves of: the only aspects of nature left unexamined. The new form of self-aggrandizement was perceived as a great advancement, though it described as much regress as progress.

The regressions only reinforced the original biological orientation, and the new science could no more reconcile unconscious purpose to conscious objective than its ancestors. This backward response to ancient, upside-down religious views only served to maintain the old form of stunted inner cognition, and it remained inside-out.

Hypnotized by the new subjective objectivity, the instinctual symbols directing it remained as undifferentiated as the fantastic sky-deities — only re-emerged in a new form of  object-worship as symbols of its own self-creation.

Read a poetic story of how these ideas may manifest in modern dreams.

Comments Off on A Brief History of Consciousness

Filed under Psychology

New Study Links Sleep to Delayed Gratification

“Media-driven thing-obsession and near compulsive consumption divert vital energies. Ever more advanced technologies draw us further outside ourselves and into devices. Instant access and constant exposure to the subliminal effects of marketing and advertising cultivate unconscious emotions so paradoxical that what is meant to emancipate and connect also finds us dependent and alienated — our most personal and intimate needs indistinguishable from carefully instilled, pre-packed desires.” A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

Let’s take a look into the exciting future brain psychology has to offer:

“Sleep can have a striking effect on consciousness.” — Ernt A. DeGree

This profound insight is only one among a litany of startling new discoveries by Ernt A. DeGree, recently appointed “fixer” at Genes-R-Us, the latest of the “new-rological” advertising agencies to attract corporate attention. His studies confirm it and more, and the world of commercial group-think is taking notice:

“Today’s marketing paradigm is yesterday’s news. Many experts agree that our studies will have sweeping effects on the global consumer-system. While to the casual eye, it might appear that consumers don’t buy much when they’re asleep,” he chafed, “no one has ever bothered to investigate how the soothing dream-world of somnambulism could be re-purposed to induce them to buy more than they could possibly need — or even want.”

The principle is a logical extension of the crude commercial advertising of the last century which, too randomly dependent on and ignorant of the irrational factors of individual quirk, was blindly limited to more or less specific target-groups. “This hit-or-miss approach, while still highly profitable, was far less than ideal.” he explained. “Modern neuro-technology will soon serve the unique needs of each individual customer in the intimacy of the home sleep-setting without the cumbersome need for conscious attention.

“Patents are already in the works to serve today’s ‘omni-consumer’ whom the old ‘shot-in-the-dark’ market psychology left confused and adrift amid the chaos of conscious choice. Our advanced neurological approach would release the energy of pent-up existential anxieties for more creative pursuits than the tedious and mundane survival activities once required for life’s maintenance — that’s where we come in. The latest data in neuro-psychology tells us that the human body’s primary function is sensual gratification; market-wise, any strictly utilitarian value has fallen by the wayside.”

He described the mind-numbing schemata of modern neuro-psych’s bold new applications: “Recent advancements in the electrode now allow us to track the subconscious wishes of consumers via non-invasive skin implants — decorative, personalized ‘ecto-versions’ will also be available — and coordinate them with a grid of compatible products. A personalized marketing inventory would then be specifically tailored to the individual’s need. Upon waking, a printout of the end user’s deepest desires would be instantly available in material form.

“If certain retailers or brand-names are confirmed in advance, the consumer-mark can simply press the call-in button on his/her ‘Night Register’ and the products would arrive by door-step drone on the following business day. If a more hands-on need gratification is preferred, starred, prioritized outlines would conveniently provide directions to the nearest fulfillment center for the catering of his/her most profound material needs. It will revolutionize the way the market has approached advertising in the past.”

A ‘Super Saver Plan’ would be assigned to each subscriber, identifiable by Social Security number and a customized ‘Buyer Status’ profile. ‘Consumer Options’ would deliver up-to-the-minute notices of important sales events and other such cost-compliant considerations. Depending on economic circumstances, lower-end alternatives would appear according to that individual’s available credit-line.

“It’s a whole new concept based on the expanding spirit of the ‘ultra-individual’ in today’s culture.” he crowed. “The very sphincter of our society is gripped by this ultra-spirit, and the credit service industry must be intimately partnered with theoretical science and applied technology if it is to continue to serve the changing demands of human evolution in the twenty-first century.

“Its impact on the quality of family life will exceed that of the personal computer – or even the cell-phone.” he blarified. “The notion that we could actually experience what we buy, as things in themselves far beyond the old utilitarian vantage-point, and share those experiences with our families was inconceivable outside the context of today’s insights. Modern psychological investigations suggest that we are what we buy. What more personal way to connect with our families and friends than through the shared identification with the material world we so treasure?”

Credit reports or ‘Consumer Indices’ would no longer be the sole province of anonymous ‘powers’ but openly shared as consumer and retailer work hand in hand to maintain the credit he/she has worked a lifetime to enjoy. “If you‘re just starting out as a credit-service variable,” he assured, “consumer counselors will work for you to establish immediate credit with an eye toward creating options for the future.”

Each step in the construction of the consumer’s ‘market ontology’ would be uniquely fitted to ‘life-style differentials’, as his/her ‘Personal Concierge’ blinks real-time appraisals of market conditions and the availability of products from the nightstand. A convenient off-sensor will deactivate the system when the consumer’s energy level is low and reactivate it according to the psycho-galvanic ennervations of his or her own custom, statistically-derived wake-sleep cycle. 

“Commercial psychology has labored under a quite negative persona in the past, largely the product of subjective bias; but, thanks to a new empiricism, it’s no longer shameful to admit that we’re subject to brain processes outside conscious control. Shoppers can now have the objective evaluations needed for informed decision-making; to take control of their own consumption. 

“The future is now. If we don’t take advantage of the opportunities this new knowledge offers, life’s most gratifying experiences will only continue to be squandered by our children and grandchildren. For today’s culture to accept the foul end of this evolutionary stick now would only be setting it up for failure.”

If you’re searching for a way out of the modern maze, you’ll need a map. Jung furnished one. Read one small example of where it may lead.

Comments Off on New Study Links Sleep to Delayed Gratification

Filed under Psychology

Jung’s Energic Theory

A changing consciousness begins to sense the gravity of its own historical foundations, causing a profound collision between the two perspectives. The conflict of opposites now moves into the foreground as ego intuits the deeper pull of functions which exceed choice and free will. In terms of Jung’s energic theory, this is one of the vital steps toward a conscious recognition of the inner gradient — the narrow gate referred to in the Bible. The reactions that follow reflect the fear of being taken over by the “alien will” of the unconscious and its steady aim toward wholeness. As it continues to seize hold, dreams flow along this gradient to establish bridges which would further connect an isolated modern perspective to the still-living history of the instinctual psyche.” A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

The focus of this post is, Carl Jung’s On Psychic Energy, the first chapter in his eighth volume, The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche. In it, he examines the bases of the two general concepts by which the psyche interprets the world: the causal, mechanistic view and the energic, or final, viewpoint.

The causal view, Jung wrote, “… conceives an event as the effect of a cause, in the sense that unchanging substances change their relations to one another according to fixed laws.

From the energic standpoint, “the event is traced back from effect to cause on the assumption that some kind of energy underlies the changes in phenomena… The flow of energy has a definite direction (goal) in that it follows the gradient of potential in a way that cannot be reversed… The concept, therefore, is founded not on the substances themselves but on their relations, whereas the moving substance itself is the basis of the mechanistic view.

He explained the two concepts as the logical reversal of one another. One points backward in time to a cause, and the other points forward to a goal or purpose without positing a cause: the difference between our conscious perceptions of moving bodies in space and psychic images and intuitions of their relations and how they may serve unconscious purposes.

Though, conceptually, the viewpoints are mutually exclusive, a compromise has resulted in which an event is conceived “as partly causal, partly final – a compromise which gives rise to all sorts of theoretical hybrids but which yields, it cannot be denied, a relatively faithful picture of reality. We must always bear in mind that despite the most beautiful agreement between the facts and our ideas, explanatory principles are only points of view, that is, manifestations of the psychological attitude and of the a priori conditions under which all thinking takes place.

This distinction was extrapolated by Jung from Freud’s reductive analysis which followed from philosophical concepts which assumed the causal sequence as the defining one. The idea of unconscious energy flowing toward a ‘gradient of potential’ had always indirectly inserted itself into the causal concept, but more so with the increasing sophistication of physical science and its acknowledgment of the subjective factor. Most philosophers aren’t scientists (and vice versa), and the hybrid of the two concepts Jung referred to was the result of a less precise psychology yet to elaborate a psychic equivalent of the physical processes.

The fusion of concrete perceptions with unconscious images accentuated the personal equation. The “beautiful agreement between facts and ideas” happens when we interpret a set of facts based on a subjective viewpoint which confuses contradictory ideas of cause and purpose without distinguishing intellectually where and how they may differ owing to unknown variables. It turned out that the dual nature of the psyche required both interpretations to arrive at a more objective description of our behavior. The final concept yields a different set of facts bound to an equally objective reality beneath the causal assumption: it follows the flow of psychic energy toward an undefinable purpose. In this way, Darwin arrived at his theory of evolution and the idea of natural development.

We understand that physical and mental processes may be mutually influential – who has not awakened from a dream with heart pounding, shaken and perspiring? Yet, current knowledge cannot explain how it occurs. The mysterious process by which neurological impulses or chemical reactions become psychic images to a perceiving consciousness is beyond our ken. That being said, it is impossible to assign primacy to one or the other. Psychologically, however, we can refine our observations based on the precision of the concepts we use to distinguish the movement of ‘objects’ and their relations.

So far as Nature is concerned this is a dynamic process only artificially dissected for purposes of inspection by a subjective observer. These classifications don’t exist in Nature but are projections of the qualities of consciousness: to dissect, discriminate, and organize thought. Since recent biology assures us that all life is purposive, the energic viewpoint has likewise emerged as a valuable explanatory principle.

Aside from the fact that the physical laws of energy do not account for the phenomena of life or how the living organism transforms energy, the body’s impulses must also contain a psychic aspect; otherwise it would be impossible for an image to be produced by them. To assign primacy to one or the other then becomes a value judgment – the projection of a subjective bias by the observer.

Yet most of natural science conceives physical processes to be primary – “unjustly, for it cannot be substantiated…” as Jung wrote. This fact is consistent with how opposites work and the uncertainty of evaluating intuitions as they apply to subjective emotions.

Read the preface to my account of how I followed Jung’s ideas and experienced the emotional changes they can produce.

 

2 Comments

Filed under Psychology

An Historical View of Normalcy

Despite our individual differences, we’re also driven by collective instincts to be accepted; to be ‘normal’. The social instinct to conform is as inherent as its opposite, and both are present from birth. It’s just a hint that you may (or not), suffer strange psychic disturbances at mid-life, when your individuality begins to emerge (if it does).

If it does, don’t panic; this split in the personality is natural. But, because it’s so little acknowledged or understood, we must go far back in time to discover the reasons why. The younger generation may be astonished that this search for the historical roots of our behavior leads into the ancient world — of the nineteen-fifties.

The brutality characteristic of that time was recorded on crude black and white media transmissions through a ‘boob tube.’ Brief but startling interruptions in the fantasy-based programming allowed viewers to tune into real-time events at the end of each day — for a half-hour.

Euphemistically referred to as ‘news’, these horrifying glimpses into reality were gradually numbed by unconscious associations with the pleasant dream-world surrounding them. Uncritical ego-tendencies fostered an eager audience quick to embrace the new, subliminal means of repression.

To redirect any thought or reflection on the actual state of affairs, “sit-coms” depicting outlandish exaggerations of human behavior, accompanied by dubbed laughter at prescribed intervals, subtly informed a smooth flow into the newly scripted norm.

Fiercely competitive game shows stressed object-acquisition and fantasies of entitlement to spur industry following a devastating world war — and to avert attention from the threat of unconscious destructive tendencies designed to compensate a fantastic view of natural law. Owing to the anxiety of the time, all desperately seized upon the new medium without compunction. This is not to be wondered at:

Contrasting with today’s cutting-edge medical specialist, a ‘general practitioner’ slapped the newborn’s bottom in that distant age to jump-start its breathing. Judging from available records, since most infants’ lungs were then located in the chest cavity, we can only theorize that it was to accustom it at the outset to being hit by parents and strangers alike. The para-sexual practice was so prevalent, we assume it to have been a primitive birth rite associated with the reigning cult of violence.

No general instruction or education was provided for the care of the wee thing, and upon initiation it was thenceforth dispatched to the homes of inexperienced novices whose worst traits were only magnified by the confusion of having brought a primitive self-replicant into their private, inside-out social bubbles. The ignorance and arrogance required to tackle such a task without knowledge or preparation were happily endorsed by all, along with a host of other irrational behaviors typical of that age.

The powerful symbolic significance of the child-image was unrecognized by the rude psychology of that era; its more comprehensive evolutionary function remained as unconscious as in the Anthropithecus Abnormalis of prehistoric times. We now understand the child-image to be a profound psychic function: each generation’s highest hopes doubled back against a conscious fear of change for the purpose of self-examination and reflection with the aim toward higher development.

Relentless coaching served to repress this natural, albeit unconscious function, and contradictions intended to reveal nature’s forward aims via thoughtful reflection borne from a desire to understand one’s nature were subliminally absorbed ‘as is’ by the infant, as through a looking glass, to be channeled into the hostile and defensive reactions required to participate in the norm.

The pointless and frustrated squandering of vital life energies dedicated to re-interpreting such natural functions into embarrassing and inadmissible private “necessities” afforded effective early training for the grander cultural illusions awaiting the tiny initiate.

As determined as the efforts were, they failed to fully repress the instinctive drive to self-awareness lurking behind the dissociated intellect of that day. Devious commercial marketing of all manner of useless gadgetry merged with a vast entertainment industry to siphon off the psyche’s persistent demand for personal and social consciousness. This only plunged the culture deeper into regression.

The natural, ape-like instinct for imitation was artificially managed to retard the much-needed reflection, and the child was alternately cajoled, hit and screamed at to ensure conformity to the mass madness. So advanced was emotional retardation in the boys, they yearned to hit others far beyond the attainment of physical maturity.

Many habitually struck their spouses, not just in retribution for the chimp-like traditions forced upon them, but to hone the competitive ruthlessness which drove the obsessive commercial machinery. Most were routinely whipped into submission from an early age to abet the general conspiracy of self-neglect required for an exclusive focus on objects far exceeding practicality. Darwin’s theory of natural selection suggested a dark psychic paradox.

The primitive desire to hit and be hit was integral to the compensatory objectives of educators and parents and fitted so neatly into the collective program, none inspected the deep personal insecurities beneath the violent cycle of reaction and response.

Due to guilt-ridden projections, the imitative function bidding the youngsters to practice the lessons they learned on each other was paradoxically punished. Authorities had also to rationalize the humiliations inflicted upon their own youth: unconscious retaliation for the still-living brute in them and the buried shame of ignominies required to mold its natural reality into a credulous and exploitable machine of artificial design.

No reliable records exist of the girls’ reactions to such conditions. They were segregated into a far-off emotional world beyond psychic reach of the boys who later became the men who furnished the only reports available. Today’s more objective assessments must discard them as too subjective — self-inflated male caricatures of an early stage of development.

The crude psychic split between the sexes was so deeply rooted, males often persisted in chiding one another long into adulthood for crossing the artificial sexual barrier when mating for purposes outside coitus.

Consonant with the lack of reflection and the blind acceptance of rote gender roles, moribund religious rituals deeply entrenched in a rigid patriarchy held any reconciliation of the sexual divide in strict abeyance.

As psychic images were then viewed as concrete ‘things’ (the by-product of a too-rational attitude), the repressed urge to reconcile contradictory impulses and the consequent one-sidedness contributed significantly to a fragmented gender-identification and a confusing mix of sexual proclivities which naturally attracted all, whether positively or negatively. Appearance dictated that sexual identity existed only in the body, and causation was ascribed to simplistic notions of hereditary weakness and/or childhood trauma as suited the psychological bias of the investigator.

Unconscious fealty to patriarchal ideals, along with with weak compensating feminine images, was so tightly woven into the fabric of society that the effete religious views were shrouded in superstition and forbidden any elaboration. It remained to be discovered that the goals of psychology were inseparable from spiritual development, and their separate inquiries remained at cross-purposes.

Hidden beneath the religious cult was a morbid fear of nature which persisted despite the irrefutable evidence of its destructive effect on the only reality which supported it. The compulsions of instinct were only a small step beyond being perceived as external demons of unknown origin just as they had been for eons.

The rote science of that era was so fixed on material substance, symbols were declared meaningless across the psychic board. Any emotional advancement was thus stopped in its tracks. Because of the stoppage created by a too-rational,  extraverted viewpoint, the innate balancing function of spiritual values needed to guide the employment of dissociated technologies eventually metastasized into a compulsive greed for personal wealth and power.

For a more serious inquiry into collective ideals, visit Amazon.

Comments Off on An Historical View of Normalcy

Filed under Psychology

A 21st Century Look at Jung’s Concept of Individuation

For those not appreciative of the subtler forms of satire, I thought hard about re-doing this post in a more serious tone — however, I failed utterly. Because I think it’s an accurate description of Jung’s psychology of mid-life, and because satire can be a meaningful way of approaching unfamiliar ideas, I let it stand with one caveat: my projections onto the conventional perception of Jung’s ideas are my own small biases against the extraverted interpretation of the psychological facts he established through his work.

Jung arrived at his concept of individuation by comparing his own inner experiences to historical ideas; their connections to themes in myth and literature, and similar ideas in his patients: a scientific attempt to provide a broad compendium of associations to the central images forming the structure of the unconscious mind. The process of coming to terms with the unconscious meant discerning one’s unique personality from the cultural demands dominating the first half of life. That may appeal to those with a morbid susceptibility to inner compulsion, but let’s consider this idea from a more realistic social standpoint.

His speculations of a ‘psychological’ change accompanying menopause startled me. The changes in physiology initiated by hormonal diminution were actually seen by Jung as also effecting an emotional development designed to accentuate contrasexual ‘spiritual’ functions. How physical processes and spirituality are linked to homosexual fantasies, I couldn’t discern.

Far-fetched though it seems, this idea revolved around a bizarre model in which mind and body appeared as reciprocal factors designed for ‘purposes’ beyond physical need, social adjustment, or even consciousness. Though today we know the conscious mind is relatively self-sustaining and merely endures the body as the crude vehicle of an out-grown animal heritage (viz., eating, having sex and going to the bathroom), Jung yet conceived it as the basis of deeper aims which couldn’t be seen or touched (!).

He believed that natural processes don’t necessarily adhere to rational scientific ideas. Stages of development appeared to him as fluid and relative, interpenetrating to such a complex degree that nothing could really be certain (where’s the science in that?). Beyond the instinctual maintenance of the body, Jung theorized ‘subjective’ psychic processes which could be inferred (fantasized?) through personal emotional experience. ‘Unconscious’ drives were discernible through indirect reflections in behavior and were thought to develop according to natural laws. 

FYI: an interesting, though equally irrational, supplement to Jung’s model was the idea of  ‘centroversion’ introduced by Erich Neumann, a long-time member of his cult. It was intended as a complement to Jung’s concepts of introversion and extraversion, the psychic mechanisms adapting us to inner and outer ‘worlds’. These spontaneous movements of ‘psychic energy’ were seen as alternating of their own accord (what?!) as demands change with development and the effects of the environment. Bear with me.

It was Neumann’s further contention that centroversion is the organizing and directing function which coordinates the other two mechanisms in the gradual unfolding of consciousness, much like Jung’s outlier concept of the Self. Though it smacks of a philosophical chimera in an atheistic age, it was meant as a description of an ‘innate’ force behind the evolution of the individual as well as the species (what happened to God?)!

Anyway, it doesn’t begin to emerge until conscious development reaches a certain stage of separation from the ‘unconscious’. Many begin to feel disoriented, with vague and unidentifiable ‘yearnings’ (?) and a sense that something is missing in their lives. Such disturbances may correspond to the isolated experiences of a few rejected members of society, but it can’t in any way be indicative of healthy participation in the social norm.

Though Jung postulated this stage as reaching its peak at mid-life, he speculated that transitional periods could be so relative to personal experience, even early dreams and memories could portend it; that ‘symbols’ actually referred to functions which guide the unfolding of our natures — even preceding the menopausal stage. He saw them as compensatory attempts by an ‘inner self’ to maintain connection to it during critical stages in its shifts toward individual differentiation. What this might mean for society wasn’t elaborated.

Despite the fact that logic dictates our modern collective direction, Jung presumed this to be an illusion; that we’re driven by an over-valued intellect fueled by egotistical hubris. Though we know that science is our only defense against an inferior and hostile Nature, he suggested they were actually self-aggrandized aversions to an unconscious history fashioned largely by an innate animal-like earthly reality (never mind cause and effect). He and Neumann even suggested an inherent spiritual function in it centered around inner awareness and not just biological and social needs!

For a reflecting consciousness, they maintained, ‘instincts’ appear as religious symbols intended to compensate our primitive natures and not just crude misinterpretations of cause and effect. How such  irrational fantasies could possibly signify objective processes is untenable in the light of modern science.

Since we’re largely unaware of this transition, we don’t know what’s happening when it insinuates itself; it’s too opposed to consciousness (I wonder why!). Jung insisted that we ‘project’ inner events onto the screen of outer circumstances. The changes in our personalities are reflected back to us through relationships: divorce, career change, new love-interests, a profound sense of inferiority, or the sudden onset of depression and/or compulsive behavior. The marvels of modern medications were yet unknown in Jung’s day.

The real purpose of these conflicts is to re-focus an exterior orientation to the ‘internal’ authority which precipitates the changes. What is this superstitious, quasi-religious obsession with some ‘thing’ greater than ourselves? Neumann further added that the effects of centroversion were always the motive force behind development, the reason the symbols seemed to conform from stage to stage. Focus on the outer world in the first half of life prompts us to see their effects as originating in the environment.

That this is only partially so, slowly dawns on the mind that can discern its own psychic activity ‘within’. They perceived this as a sort of religious/philosophical fantasy, though because we’re unconscious of its symbols as the organizers of psychic life, it’s traditionally projected onto dogmatic figures — references to the occult mindset of centuries ago. Put on your waders, they went further:

If, with psychological knowledge, the conscious mind confronts its own ‘background’ and is able to withdraw its projections from these invisible figures through conscious re-interpretation and emotional experience, it may discover the hidden language of ‘analogy’ in them — thus magically entering into a new stage of awareness! The inward attention is supposed gradually to connect us with a ‘psychic reality’ behind the changes. It begins to appear as a dual process in which outer and inner events reflect parallel paths of development. What this actually refers to, I couldn’t determine. How many realities do you see?

That opposing forces merge energies toward a purposeful end is not a new idea. The positive and negative poles which combine to produce electricity are familiar to everyone. But, Jung conceived this material truth (fasten your seat-belts) to apply to the mind as well! He implied that the analogy could acquaint us with the contrasts and contradictions between different ways of viewing life in the ‘transition’ from an external orientation to an ‘internal’ one. The collision of the two perspectives intended to inform the new direction creates the mental confusion designed to push us into it! Who’s confused?

Though many have observed that the individual relives the biological stages of humanity which precede its modern state; and though history portrays the intellect as gradually emerging from a rude emotional matrix, Jung actually saw this process as being driven by religious imperatives deeply embedded in the psyche and not by social and cultural exchange. The absurdity of this premise is apparent today.

Comments Off on A 21st Century Look at Jung’s Concept of Individuation

Filed under Psychology

Is There Order in Disorder?

Some argue that one of the evolutionary purposes of consciousness is to create order from the ‘chaos’ of an unconscious nature. Conversely, we also know that nature contains a different (though often opposed) and more diffuse order which modern psychology has been attempting to describe since at least the advent of chemically-based anti-perspirants. That there might possibly be some confusion or conflict between the two, like perhaps an implicit order in the disorder, may depend on your viewpoint. With that in mind, let’s take a critical look at some of the less publicized disorders of contemporary man:

1. Object-Worship Syndrome.

This insidious atrophy of the religious function is characterized by the irrational and compulsive desire for objects far exceeding need or practicality. Once known euphemistically as “shopaholism”, it has recently burgeoned into a form of self-rejection so prevalent, some fear it may now be a general condition.

Symptoms include manic glee over the acquisition of the most banal material possessions, lesser forms of hoarding such as too many doilies, over-full storage areas etc., the planning of holiday dinners around sales events, the continual re-purchase of utilitarian tools you know you already have three or four of but can’t find, and “the bull in the china shop” effect in which a thing is knocked over amid the frustrated search for misplaced or forgotten items. In advanced cases, this leads to the domino effect of each of an array of carefully-placed knick-knacks toppling the next as the hapless victim looks on.

Some suggest the new criteria are far too nebulous; that, under its guidelines, the psychiatric community would itself qualify for treatment if its fixation on the assumed material causation of the unconscious emotional conflicts called life were understood as actual psychic phenomena which compensate the conscious viewpoint.

2. Intuitional Inhibition Disorder.

Otherwise known as the “live-each-day-as-if-it-were-your-last” complex, this debilitating condition, left untreated, soon progresses into a complete incapacity to foresee the painful consequences of repetitive past behaviors.

Symptoms include an obsession with novelty and progress as a compensation for reflection, in turn leading to the gradual retardation of inner valuation and the contrived fabrication of crises as psychological responses to the stagnation of natural processes and the piling-up of unused unconscious energy, facilitating the misapplication of fantasy-content vis-a-vis ‘reality’.

Critics cite the behavior of Congress as clear evidence of normalcy, in addition to the precedents established by our entire civilized history from Nebuchadnezzar to Napoleon to behaviorism to the habitual over-consumption of fried foods and the steady sales of one-ply toilet paper.

3. Oughtism.

This psychosomatic form of derangement describes the reflexive responses of the autonomic nervous system to the unconscious emotional effects of commercial advertising. The FDA acquiescence to pharmaceutical lobbies in the form of televised ads aimed at the general public for prescription drugs which yet require medical diagnosis and dispensation has been seen by some as the uber-reach of an unregulated free market and its zeal to mass-manipulate a paranoid mistrust of the body as an exploitable hangover of historical religious conditioning for the purposes of increased sales.

Medical practitioners, however, have seen such a dramatic rise in office visits owing to public demands to cure them of the perceived burden of their bodies, they offered no objection to “treating” them for the contrived conditions instilled in them through the manufactured fears of being sick and the placebo effects of medical attention.

Even the open admission of documented side-effects of the drugs themselves, which are often more dangerous than the conditions they are designed to treat, failed to dissuade the average consumer when said side-effects were recited by a pleasant but authoritative voice as an incidental aside at the end of the ads.

To the targeted consumer, they appeared as smart alternatives to the irrational dread of the possibility of the probability of disease which had been subliminally inculcated via repressed religious ideas symbolic of an inherited disgust by the human head of its animal body except when eating, having sex, and in some cases going to the bathroom.

4. Bipolar Sit-Com Syndrome.

Here, we plunge into the very bases of the split personality. Trivial as they may appear on the surface, television sit-coms reflect a human condition which is indiscernible to all but the most disciplined, professional eye.

The enhancing effects of laugh-tracks, regardless of program quality, have long been substantiated. Recent studies, however, reveal an extraordinary insight into the infectious nature of base collective behavior. When sit-coms were viewed by subjects without laugh-tracks, no signs of amusement were registered. When responses to “dry” sit-coms were compared with those viewing popular horror films, many were practically identical. Gesticulations of disgust and expressions of repugnance occurred with the same frequency in both groups. But — there’s more:

When laugh-tracks were added to horror films, subjects reacted with outbursts of hilarity at the same rate as sit-com viewers, though tachycardial measurements recorded fear-responses comparable with witnessing a gruesome car accident. The more pronounced the laugh-track, the more vociferous the subjects’ fits of levity, despite the grisly blood-letting in the scenes they watched.

Sometimes known as “laughing out the other side of your face”, the paradoxical production of elevated dopamine levels significant enough to induce euphoria when viewing sadistic acts of brutality have led some to theorize a connection between aggression and religious zeal, though others contend that history does not bear the conjecture out.

5. Depression Du Jour:

This ambiguous, catch-all condition denotes the displacement of happy feelings by sad ones. Often accompanied by a process of disillusionment similar to that experienced in childhood upon the discovery of Santa’s mythical nature, research has tied it to the dissolution of projections and the sudden influx of psychological “downers” significant of reality-recognition.

What were once considered evolutionary stages of consciousness are now seen as crippling impediments to socialization, as the uneven development of individuals heightens feelings of alienation in increasingly anonymous aggregates of ever more diverse populations over-spilling crowded city centers into cramped and congested urban sprawls and their mixed-use zoning of multi-purpose dwellings stuck incongruously amid a dizzying maze of parking lots and strip malls.

Psychologists cite this trend as a major factor in the meteoric rise in popularity of such anonymous and blatantly self-advertising social sites as Faceblurb, Metime, and Instablab…

Or — depending on how much bullshit you’ve ingested — maybe you’d prefer to cut through the double-talk and read a more serious assessment of our modern predicament.

2 Comments

Filed under Psychology

The Modern Plight of Homo Contradictus

So, do be good, show you can set the fashion./ Let fantasy be heard with all her chorus:/ Sense, Reason, Sentiment, and Passion;/ Yet mark you well! bring folly too before us!” — Goethe.

A new round of proposals before Congress to change the taxonomic designation of Homo Sapiens to Homo Contradictus has resulted in a fierce firestorm of controversy, once again finding our lawmakers deadlocked in indecision. The current review by the Super Committee tasked with resolving the issue has likewise reached a stalemate.

The next step in the process will be the selection of a Really Super Committee which will review the procedures reviewed by the Super Committee to ascertain the reasons for its failure to reach a decision. It will comprise eight members each from the respective parties as opposed to the six respective appointees comprising the Super Committee.

The proposal was first introduced by Democratic senator, Sheeza Throbak, and was originally intended as a response to legislation penned by her sister and Republican counterpart, I. Emma Throbak, which sought to change the erstwhile designation to Homo Digitalis. While the latter raised some eyebrows in their home state, most of the electorate assumed it referred to the new digital media age. When informed that Digitalis referred to the opposable digit, or thumb, as the main distinguishing characteristic separating humans from animals, it was tabled amid the confusion.

The former, however, soon went viral and swelled into a national call for action. A blistering barrage of on-line petitions sparked by such internet advocates as, Constant and Unremitting Causes and Please Don’t Delete This Urgent Message, prompted its consideration by the nation’s decision-makers, though it has since bogged down in partisan jousting.

I asked Stooges For Democracy spokesperson, Ella Fyno, of the effort to upgrade the scientific classification to be more reflective of real-life human behavior. “I’m undecided.” she stated flatly. “It seems a bit ambiguous, though I will say that I half considered signing the petition by the time I’d received the seventeenth e-mail.”

She scratched her head. It must be a cheap, generic shampoo she is using, I thought, as I watched the unsightly flakes of deceased epidermis fall onto the shoulders of her Italian wool, custom-tailored black sweater. It looked as if her hair had died as well. Nevertheless, I was intrigued by the general implications of her response and determined to comb her mind for a more precise amplification of her widely spaced views.

“Our political system has gone awry.” she observed solemnly, “The ideologies of the two parties have grown so disparate that each seems engaged only in gainsaying the other. What was designed to give dissent and argument a proper hearing in the spirit of compromise for the exercise of our constitutional freedom in the service of democracy seems to have been forfeited for bald partisanry.”

She considered further and then declared with certainty, “I don’t know whether we can maintain any sure direction in the face of such extremes.” I pictured a human head with two faces, and I knew intuitively what she was referring to.

“Where do you see our new cultural consciousness taking us?” I asked, trying desperately to make sense of the questions swirling in my mind. “It seems to be going in two directions at once…” she stated unequivocally, “almost as if there were two sides of every individual — each invested solely in trying to thwart the other’s intentions.”

I was even more determined to seek a solution to this baffling conundrum, as Ms. Fyno emptied out the last of the wisdom from her tightly crowded intellect, “Half of me thinks it knows, but, honestly, the other half has no idea whatever.” Her candor was refreshing but of little avail.

Doubly driven to add another piece to the human puzzle, I felt bidden to a higher authority. I researched the top ten psychology blogs and contacted the office of Dr. Abnorm Drowze, the eminent and respected psychiatrist, Magna-Cum-Loud from Whichisit State, hoping desperately for insight on the confusion and uncertainty of our modern predicament. What I learned startled me.

“Can I help you?” was the first response I received — from his secretary, Candy. There are channels, I knew that. Buoyed by enthusiasm, however, I informed her that I was seeking clarification on a few of the basic existential questions which burdened humanity, and I felt sure Dr. Drowse could shed urgently needed light on them.

“You’ll have to schedule an appointment.” she stated curtly. I told her with some confidence that I was not on the line for a consultation, but that I needed Dr. Drowze’s informed, scientific opinion on the state of our culture today.

“Dr. Drowze is a very busy man!” she popped off. “Do you think he can just drop everything this instant for your paltry concerns, even as he is fleecing a poor, confused neurotic out of his life savings just so said neurotic can find the strength to somehow keep living long enough to support him and his profession, in spite of the fact that neither offers even the slightest pretense of warranty or return for its alleged services — and also to maintain his lavish lifestyle?”

She had a point. I tried to be reasonable, sensing that she was overworked and under great stress from her duties holding the acclaimed doctor’s office together amid the constant, clamorous queries for his expertise.

“When do you think he might be available?” I asked politely, trying not to rattle her cage, though I felt a little hot from her dismissive manner. “Who’s your insurance provider?” she asked briskly. I felt belittled and powerless. “I’ve got your insurance provider right here!” I blurted out, despite any consciousness of my sudden reaction. Fortunately, she was unable to witness my acting-out of the physical accompaniment to that statement.

“What do you mean by that?” she snapped, as if trying to pick a fight with me. I tried to pull myself together, “What?” I asked innocently. “What you just said!” she shot back angrily, obviously on the point of losing her manifestly tenuous composure. I searched for a more reasonable approach to her unprovoked ire. “I didn’t say anything.” Her tone was that of a teacher reprimanding a child, “Sir,” she said coolly, “I’m going to have to ask that you not call here again.”

Well, la-de-da, I thought. I half-considered a clever retort designed to turn her rudeness back upon her and make her understand that I was not to be trifled with. “So what?!” I replied alternately, “Then don’t call me again, either!” The office phones must have had caller I.D., because I called again and again after Candy hung up, seething to give Dr. Drowze a piece of my mind. After several days with no resolution (and a ‘Cease and Desist Order’ from the sheriff’s department), I quit calling out of sheer frustration — but not before I’d given a quite convincing account of my argument to the doctor’s voicemail service.

(For a serious look at Jungian psychology and the mid-life transition, check out my book here.)

Comments Off on The Modern Plight of Homo Contradictus

Filed under Psychology

Image, Symbol, and Psychic Reality

“The unconscious attracts the conscious mind to its aims via the symbol… Jung’s empirical investigations show dream-symbols to be the means through which psychic energy is transferred to consciousness; the image is the form of that energy. Dreams often anticipate moods and feelings which may persist for a considerable time, allowing certain ideas in them to take hold and stimulate thought as it is slowly and subtly influenced toward a more symbolic reality.” — A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

I was always fascinated by Jung’s examples of synchronistic events, and many likewise share an interest in the shadow-side of our mostly artificial, conscious-bound lives. However perceived, they’re psychic facts which reveal another realm beyond our usual mundane experiences. Seldom do they conform to traditional notions of them.

They defy scientific and religious preconceptions alike — part of the irrational mystery, not only of consciousness, but of a natural reality which can’t be pinned down by logical thought. This mystery can be so unsettling to our self-images as to be a severe blow to those whose fear and insecurity is compensated by hopeful and exaggerated certainties. It nonetheless imposes itself with such persistence that only the most rational could not at least  be impressed by it.

Jung wrote that one of the main features of synchronistic events appears to be their connection to archetypal situations. By archetypal, Jung referred to those instinctual functions common to all and which correspond to the average run of human experience: death, transitional stages, and other such events as evoke heightened unconscious activity; decisive conflicts which have shaped relations to objective reality through eons.

Because of this evolutionary level of experience, Jung suggested that archetypal images operate in the animal psyche in the same way they do in us, only perhaps less consciously. Though this idea logically proceeds from established history, the nature of conscious focus often blocks our experience of it, just as animals live it in relative unconsciousness.

Unlike ‘lower’ animals, however, we may perceive it more or less consciously, retrieve memories of it at will (some, anyway), and weigh its future possibilities (sometimes) — important functions of dreams, our vivid memories of them, and our capacity to reflect on them.

Collectively, we see ourselves as having moved beyond instinctual behavior (an objective measure of our lack of self-awareness), though traditional religious and philosophical assumptions have long described our split psyches in one form or another. Even our remote ancestors, more attuned to nature than we are, reveal those self-flattering, compensating ego-fantasies in much the same way we’re possessed by them today — an artificial reality which deceives us immeasurably about our true natures.

Owing to our animal heritage, it only makes sense that instinctual life-energies express natural processes conforming to an earthly reality. This, despite religious fantasies conceiving ego as somehow co-existing in an ethereal universe beyond nature and the earth — a descriptive projection and a much different view of ourselves than conventional wisdom has conditioned us to accept. Such ideas graphically illustrate Jung’s conception of psychic reality: they’re very real to those who believe in them, even as they reveal a deeper, more symbolic nature.

They don’t presently belong to the common stock of accepted truths. For anyone who’s had ‘other-worldly’ experiences though, Jung’s concepts are an avenue by which to see them as natural events which occur among all people in all times. That they can’t be explained in terms of cause and effect is further incentive to explore our assumptions about an irrational reality beyond human logic. 

It might be productive to look at the problem the other way round and see our affinity with animals rather than how we’re distinct from them. One experience in particular helped me to recognize that affinity (apart from the entire history of our development) when I was in my late twenties:

It was a very decisive period in my life; my closest friend of many years had died in a car accident, and I felt the need to be more connected with nature than the city streets I’d become accustomed to during the previous few years. I moved to the country, got a dog, and began a new life without my old friend.

Soon, I had a dream in which I saw a great severed tree trunk next to my bed. It was very thick, about three feet high, and I touched it. I thought it was the hardest and most concrete thing I could imagine. Suddenly, it began to undulate like a a belly dancer. This trunk which was so cut-off and inert, was yet so pliable and alive, I was astounded. I felt a profound mystery as I watched it sway.

Shortly afterward, I’d cut some lumber for a home project and left ten or so small blocks of wood in the yard. The next morning, planning to gather them up, I looked out through the window…

There, in front of the house lay my dog, fast asleep. Surrounding her in a circle were five blocks of wood I’d cut the previous day. She’d carefully chosen the random blocks to lay about her and then curled up to sleep within the circle she’d made.

I didn’t have to know anything about the symbolic attributes of the number five or the circle, or even the dog, to feel the strange emotional impression of the sight of her sleeping there in the protective sphere her own dog’s imagination had arrayed. I knew intuitively it was meaningful.

Later experiences, along with Jung’s concepts, helped me understand the natural energy gravitating around this experience which drew my dog to express the archetypal symbols which prompted her through me — though emotionally, I still didn’t need any reasons for it, nor did I ever really seek any. Subsequent study of the history of symbols only reinforced its mystery and meaning to me.

The emotional impact alone was enough for me to accept it as ultimately beyond comprehension, though somehow not requiring any explanation to clarify it. The experience of them convinced me of their reality. In fact, it would almost have seemed a sacrilege to try to explain them — and I was not a religious man in my late twenties. 

I did question such things later in an attempt to understand them. But, in the end, it didn’t really matter. I never lost that awe. Is it ignorant? Unscientific? Too emotionally credulous? Or a natural reaction to the mystery of life obscured by the dull certitude of fact and knowledge and accepted opinion? 

For more background on these ideas, read the preface to my book.

2 Comments

Filed under Psychology

A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious — Preface

“Beneath our scientific preoccupations, we remain in the stage of psychological awareness reflected in our religious heritage. Behind the curtain of moral judgment lurk the split figures of good and evil: a model of how we relate to our unconscious natures. Jung has described how those ideas reflect the positive and negative poles necessary to produce psychic energy: the sliding scale along which consciousness fluctuates in its on-going efforts to define itself. Just as it forms the path of collective history, so in the growth of the individual in the first half of life, the repression of the unconscious required for ego to strengthen and develop now creates circumstances which signal the need for a new relation to it — to balance conscious direction; to relate it, make it relative to the counter-pole of inner development.” — A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

In a previous post  I introduced the illustrations in my book. Some time ago, I posted three successive articles on the major themes stated in the preface: Part I, PART II, and Part III; each, a brief summary of the ideas which formed the basis of the book.

For the more serious-minded students of Jung’s psychology, I offer the preface in its entirety. It includes brief descriptions of my personal motives in writing the book, as well as cultural analogies of the individual process: an attempt to shed light on the transitional conflicts which seem to me to be shaping collective reactions to the forward movements of the unconscious.

The preface is a discursive outline of the broader premise of the text: the need for a new relation to the unconscious for the purpose of abetting a more conscious transition from a religious conception of nature to a scientific one and beyond — to a psychological one which would better equip us to confront our own natures.

Read the preface.

2 Comments

Filed under Psychology

A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious — Illustrations

The illustrations are enigmatic. In fact, they were as nearly confusing to me as they may appear to others. They are… dream-images, and they “formed themselves” as I lent my pen to them, just as I later followed the promptings of the figures comprising the unconscious voice in the conversations. They emerged in an intense period of concentration at the beginning of my efforts to understand Jung’s work and are dispersed throughout the book at intervals which seemed to me to best fit the ideas associated with them. They are symbolic representations of future development, and the book is an elaboration of the ideas they contain. As dream-images, they do not lend themselves to rational explanation. They are pointers of the way which express the feelings and intuitions beyond thought and logic.” — A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

View Illustrations.

Comments Off on A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious — Illustrations

Filed under Psychology

Ego in Fast-Forward

“Though the ego is only one complex of associations in the psyche, it has evolved as a coordinator: what it is drawn to as an object of attention will be where and how its energy is applied. These motives are based on unconscious processes, and only by turning conscious attention to them can we find deeper meaning and purpose beyond the preconceptions of ego and its one-sided, paradoxical intentions.” — A Mid-Life Perspective: Conversations With The Unconscious

Continuing Erich Neumann’s discussion of ego-inflation, it’s important to note that his observations were written in 1949 as a response to WWII. That spectacle of mass psychosis seems far distant to the current generation, though many of today’s decision-makers were shaped directly by the psychic conditions which produced it. It may seem that modern consciousness is accelerating at warp-speed, but this is an illusion created by ego’s identification with intellect and has little to do with consciousness in the sense of being self-aware. The tradition of repression which characterized the old ethic Neumann described is not so easily disposed of:

The instability of attitude which is caused by the presence of the counter-position in the unconscious is not confined to the average man, who, as a constituent member of the mass, makes up the following of all “movements”; it is also found — and this is even more dangerous — among so-called leading personalities such as educationists, teachers and politicians.”

As compelling as Neumann’s insights were in 1949, we’re in a better position to gauge their accuracy a generation later. The psychic tendencies he observed then are not only confirmed by the modern political landscape, they follow the same pattern collectively that he and Jung mapped out in individual psychology:

The incompetence of the politicians, which has become so cruelly… obvious to modern man, is essentially due to their human inadequacy — that is, to a moral undermining of their psychic structure which culminates in their total breakdown when faced with any real decision. To future ages, the fact that the leading politicians of our period were not required to pass a test of any kind to determine their human and moral qualifications will appear… as grotesque as it would seem to us today if a diphtheria-carrier were to be placed in charge of the children’s ward in a hospital.

Perhaps Neumann gave too much credit to the average man of his day; either way, it becomes more painfully obvious with each new change in the governing process, whether by force or election. There are important psychological reasons for this:

From the point of view of the new ethic, the moral inadequacy of the politician does not reside in the fact that on a conscious level he is not a morally acceptable personality — though there is no guarantee that he will be that, either! It is his total unconsciousness of the shadow and the illusory orientation of consciousness that accompanies this kind of unawareness which is the decisive — and often enough, the fatally decisive — factor.

Here, we enter the new reality show of modern American politics as foreseen by Neumann. The articulate deception which characterized the political process in the last century has devolved into the “sanctimonious hypocrisy and downright lying” mentioned in a previous post. Because it’s an initial stage of ego-awareness, it’s rude, undeveloped and appears in negative form. It brings to the surface all that was hidden in the facade personality by exaggerating it to an extent that it becomes visible to all but the most uncritical.

It’s that energy of the unconscious counter-position (the shadow) which, since it exceeds conscious will, pushes the spiritual possession behind the inflated ego into awareness — but only to a reflecting mind.

The only person who is morally acceptable in the eyes of the new ethic is the person who has accepted his shadow problem — the person… who has become conscious of his own negative side. The danger that constantly threatens the human race and which has dominated history up to the present time arises out of the “untestedness” of leaders who may actually be men of integrity as understood by the old ethic but whose unconscious and unheeded counter-reactions have generally made more “history” than their conscious attitudes.

It’s an even more dangerous problem today in this new age of exaggeration and warp-speed intellect. What happens when the new leaders are no longer even men of integrity by the old standards, but the negative exponents of a new ego-driven reality that threatens to consume everything, including itself, for the sake its own image?

It is precisely because we realise today that the unconscious is often, if not always, a more powerful determinant in the life of a man than his conscious attitude, his will and his intentions, that we can no longer pretend to be satisfied with a so-called “positive outlook” which is no more than a symptom of the conscious mind.

2 Comments

Filed under Psychology

Consciousness in Transition Continued

But, it can also appear in the opposite capacity as “spirit”, for instance when the conscious mind only recognises the material values of this life. The shadow represents the uniqueness and transitoriness of our natures… it is our own state of limitation and subjection to the conditions of time and space. At the same time, however, it forms part of the nuclear structure of our individuality.”  — Erich Neumann.

My last post alluded to Neumann’s ideas of “conscience” vs. the “inner voice”; the “criminal” perception of those who conceived creative change throughout history as a rough sketch of the conflict, and also the exchange, between the individual and society and how solutions first appear via the unconscious. Here, I’ll try to clarify his insights into this process and how they relate to changes today:

The old ethic admits two reactions to the psychic situation created by conscience. Both are perilous but… to different degrees and with different results for the individual. The situation which is more… familiar to the average man is that in which the ego identifies itself with the ethical values. This identification takes place by means of an identification of the ego with the persona. The ego confuses itself with the facade personality (which of course in reality is only that part of the personality that is tailored to fit the collective), and forgets that it possesses aspects that run counter to the persona.

As Neumann stated in the opening quote, this shadow-side contains the core of our individuality and is repressed to the extent that we identify with collective beliefs and ideals. The inner voice concealed in it generally has a confusing and frightening quality that intrudes upon those who are predisposed to a certain openness to the unconscious beyond their will. It’s always contrary to what we’re taught. This is the means by which culture evolves and the value of the individual (despite the opposite presumption):

Owing to its identification with collective values, the ego… has a “good conscience”. It imagines itself to be in complete harmony with those values of its culture which are accepted as positive, and feels itself to be the bearer no longer simply of the conscious light of human understanding but also of the moral light of the world of values… In this process, the ego falls a victim to a very dangerous inflation… a condition in which consciousness is “puffed up” owing to the influence of an unconscious content. The inflation of the good conscience consists in an unjustified identification of a very personal value (that is, the ego) with a transpersonal value, and this causes the individual to forget his shadow (that is, his creaturely limitation and corporeality).”

Psychologically, this describes the history of religion to a tee; yet ego-inflation continues to increase with conscious development. Even as unconscious contents change along with it, this “god-like” condition becomes ever more personalized. Despite the new science (or maybe because of it) of our ‘creaturely limitations’ — our animal heritage and the paradoxical co-existence of a sophisticated cortex that would reach to the stars and a primitive hindbrain that would plunge us into savageries undreamt in Adam’s day — it’s the spirit of Nature that now threatens a modern apocalypse.

Repression of the shadow and identification with the positive values are two sides of the same process. It is the identification with the facade personality which makes the repression possible, and the repression in its turn is the basis of the ego’s identification with the collective values by means of the persona.

It’s little wonder Jung referred to the individual as “the only real carrier of life”; that nature’s creative urge can be expressed through it alone. The contradictions inherent in the unconscious interaction of opposites are too complex to grasp without a subjective relation to the irrational feelings and deep personal motives which are the counter-pole to rational thought.

The forms which may be taken by this ethical facade range from general illusion and an “as if” attitude to sanctimonious hypocrisy and downright lying. These false human responses to ethical demands are not confined to any one historical period; yet it is a fact that this pseudo-attitude has appeared with especial frequency in the history of the West in the past hundred and fifty years. Actually, Western man’s illusory self-identification with positive values, which conceals the real state of affairs, has never been more widespread than in the… epoch which is now coming to an end.

These observations provide a glimpse into the symbolic world of psychic reality. The creative/destructive aspects of nature favor that which lives in accordance with its laws and eventually displace that which does not. These objective values don’t change — only our relation to them. Ego-fixation is both a warning and a symbol. The warning is clear, the symbol is not; both need reflection:

Ego-inflation invariably implies a condition in which the ego is overwhelmed by a content which is greater, stronger and more highly charged with energy than consciousness, and which therefore causes a kind of state of possession in the conscious mind. What makes this state of possession so dangerous — irrespective of the nature of the content which lies behind it — is that it prevents the…  conscious mind  from achieving a genuine orientation to reality.

Click here for an example of how this subjective reality appears at mid-life or visit Amazon.

Comments Off on Consciousness in Transition Continued

Filed under Psychology